Nitrate taʻimua. meatotino vailaau, o le faaaogaina o

nitrate taʻimua - o se lotoa inorganic ua i ai le fua faatatau nei: Pb (NO3) 2. I le tulaga masani o se pauta paʻepaʻe po o taʻega tioata colorless. O lenei mea e tele soluble i le vai.

meatotino faaletino

1. E lelei soluble ma mitiia o le vevela i H2O (vai), le lelei - i acetone, faapea foi methyl ma alcohols ethyl.
2. O le avea ma taʻega tioata colorless diamagnetic, density 4,530 g / santimetr³. Taitasi atomu Pb (taitai) siomia e sefululua atoms o Le (okesene). umi fusi Pb-O o 0,281 nm, ma LEAI - 0.127 nm. O faiga kupita. ea Pa3 i le vaega avanoa. foi na maua ituaiga monoclinic vagana kupita ituaiga e tusa lava pe faamafanafana leaga soluble i H2O (le vai).
3. vevela faaliusuavai Sulu o 600,65 K.

Auala e maua ai nitrate taʻimua

e le maua lenei mea i le natura. O le mea lea, o tagata ua atiina ae nisi o auala (alamanuia ma fale suesue), lea ua faaitiitia i le faataapeina o taitai (Pb), o lona hydroxide po oxide i faavaivaia acid nitric. tali:
3Pb (taitai) + 8HNO3 (acid nitric) = 3Pb (NO3) 2 (taʻimua nitrate) + 2NO (ua faamaloloina oxide nitric o kasa) + 4H2O (vai);
PbO (taʻimua oxide) + 2HNO3 (acid nitric) = Pb (NO3) 2 (taʻimua nitrate) + H2O (vai);
Pb (Oi) 2 (taʻimua hydroxide) + 2HNO3 (acid nitric) = Pb (NO3) 2 (taʻimua dinitrate) + 3H2O (le vai).

Ina ia taofia le hydrolysis ma le faaitiitia o le solubility o taitai dinitrate acid nitric e tatau ona faia e sili atu.

Foi, maua taʻimua dinitrate o se taunuuga i le faamamāina o acid otaota, acid nitric, f.t.t., pe a ona iloilo otaota gaosi taitai-bismuth. Mulimuli ane, o loo faaaogaina le lotoa mo cyanide leaching auro.

O a ni meatotino vailaau nitrate taʻimua maua

1. I se fofo aqueous o taitai nitrate dissociates i anions nitrate ma taitai cations. O mea nei o lenei tali:

Pb (NO3) 2 (taʻimua dinitrate) = Pb2 + (taʻimua puipuiga) + 2NO3- (nitrogen anion oxide)

O le vaifofo o le dinitrate taʻimua hydrolyzed. Pe a maua se nitratokompleksy aofaiga sili NO3-: [Pb (NO3) 6] 3-, [Pb (NO3) 4] 2-ma e [Pb (NO3) 3] -. Afai o le TA O le faateleina fofo, ua foafoaina le taunuuga gidronitraty Pb (Oi) x (NO3) tuufaatasiga ma liuliuina y. O nisi oi latou i le taimi lava lea e tasi le faaesea i le tulaga mautu.

2. Talu dinitrate taitai o lotoa soluble, e mafai ona maua le tali o fesuiaiga o nei:

2HCl (acid hydrochloric) + Pb (NO3) 2 = PbCl2 (taʻimua chloride precipitates) + 2HNO3 (acid nitric);
H2SO4 (acid sulfuric) + Pb (NO3) 2 = PbSO4 (taʻimua sulfate precipitates) + 2HNO3 (acid nitric);
Pb (NO3) 2 (taʻimua nitrate) + 2NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) = Pb (Oi) 2 (precipitates taʻimua hydroxide) + 2NaNO3 (nitrate sodium);
Pb (NO3) 2 + 2NaN3 (azide sodium) = Pb (N3) 2 (taʻimua azide, precipitates) + 2NaNO3 (nitrate sodium).

So o se lotoa vailaau o loo i ai se puipuiga taʻimua (Pb + 2) o le a tali atu ma le fofo lea o iodide le anion. O lenei avea ma a precipitate o lanu samasama-moli (Pbl2, taitai iodide). E foliga e pei o lenei tali:

Pb2 + + 2l- = Pbl2 (pulu pepa)

O le tali lava lea e tasi o fesuiaiga o tupe i le vaega mautu. Mo se faataitaiga:

Pb (NO3) 2 + 2Kl (potassium) = Pbl2 (precipitates) + 2KNO3 (nitrate potassium)

O le faaaogaina o nitrate taʻimua

- faaaogaina o se mea amata mo le tuuina atu o le tele o isi tuufaatasi o Pb (taitai);
- e avea o se inhibitor o nylon polymers ma isi polyesters, o se rodenticide, i coatings pepa fototermograficheskoy;
- e pei o le nitrate taʻimua - Ua dovolno tuufaatasi matautia i le vaega tau alamanuia o loo e faaaogaina i le taimi nei o isi tuufaatasi. Mo se faataitaiga, i le gaosia o paints, atoatoa lafoaia tuufaatasi taʻimua afitusi ma mea faʻapapa.
- i totonu o le fale suesue o le taitai o loo faaaogaina nitrate o se puna lelei ma le talafeagai o dinitrogen tetroxide;
- matua talu ai nei i lava faatapulaaina aofaiga o se lotoa vailaau faaaogaina i cyanidation auro.
- i faatulagaina le kemisi, Pb (NO3) 2 o loo faaaogaina e pei o le oxidant, ia maua se dithiocarbamate o isothiocyanates. ai ona o loo faaaoga e lona toxicity maualuga faaitiitia.

saogalēmū

ua faavasegaina nitrate taitai o vaega 2A (atonu carcinogenic i tagata lotoa). Taliaina manavaina i totonu o asu 'oʻona oona po o lona taumafaina ma fesootaiga ma le paʻu po o mucosa. e tatau ona tausia taitai dinitrate pulea lelei. e taitai atu ai ona i vailaau ma lenei lotoa ona i, gliomas ma le kanesa Fatugao, faiai ma māmā.