Sodium hydroxide, o ona meatotino faaletino ma vailaau:

Sodium hydroxide, po fefete caustic - lotoa inorganic mea ea i se vasega o nofoaga autu po o hydroxides. Foi i le auala ma atunuu i fafo o lenei mea taʻua fefete caustic. igoa masani - fefete caustic - o ona o ana gaoioiga malosi matautia.

O lenei mea crystalline sinasina mautu ua hygroscopicity, le teʻa i le 328 tikeri. e faigofie soluble hydroxide Sodium i le vai ma o se electrolyte malosi. Ina ua solia e le dissociation i se uamea puipuiga ma ions hydroxide.

I luga o le faataapeina i le vai avea ma le lotoa toaaga - alkali - lagona fasimolia. tulei lava vave lenei tali - ma le pasī o ma le vevela. E lavea caustic e paʻu ma membranes mucous mafua mu ogaoga vailaau, ina ua outou galulue, e tatau ona e faaeteete ma puipuia o outou lima ma mata. Ina ua uma le fesootaiga ma le mea e le epithelium po o le mata, gutu, e tatau i se taimi vave e ono mafai ona mulumulu le vaega ua aafia i le vai ma se fofo vaivai o acetic (2%) po o boron (3%) o le acid, ma toe o ai lea i le vai. Ina ua mavae le tuuina atu o fesoasoani o faalavelave tutupu faafuasei i le aafia manaomia e vaai se fomai.

Sodium hydroxide (vailaau fua faatatau o le lotoa - NaOH, struturnaya - NaOH) - o se mea malolosi chemically, lea e mafai ona tali atu ma le lua inorganic ma mai mea faatulagaina. Iloa ai i le tali aqueous a qualitative tali e hydroxide Ion ma se o faailoga eseese. O lea, litmus faailoga avea lanu moana pogisa, methyl moli - samasama, ma phenolphthalein - rasipeli, lea o le a faalagolago le malosi o le lanu i le faasalaga o alkali.

Gidrksid ulufale sodium i tali e pei:

1. neutralization ma acids, acid oxides ma tuufaatasi amphoteric. O le taunuuga o lenei tali atu o le faavaega o le vai ma le masima gidroksokompleka po o - i le tulaga o le tali atu i nofoaga autu ma oxides amphoteric;

2. fesuiaiga ma le masima;

3. ma uʻamea oi ai i le laina i elektorhimichesky Beketova hydrogen ma maua se tulaga maualalo;

4. a lē uʻamea ma halogens;

4. esters hydrolysis;

5. saponification ma gaʻo (faia fasimoli ma glycerin);

6. tali ma alcohols (gaosia mea alkoxides).

Foi i se faiga uʻamea fefete caustic mafai ona faaumatia poselane ma tioata, ma le afioaga o le okesene - o le uamea tamalii (platinum).

e mafai ona saunia hydroxide Sodium e auala:

1. electrolysis o NaCl aqueous (diaphragm ma auala membrane)
2. vailaau (lime ma auala ferrite).

I tausaga talu ai nei, o loo faavae ai le auala e sili ona faaaoga masani i electrolysis, ona sili atu ona latou aoga.

fefete Caustic ua matuai taatele ma ua faaaogaina i le tele o alamanuia - teuteu, pulp ma pepa, vailaau, lavalava, meaai. O loo faaaogaina e avea o se faʻaopoopoga E-524, mo nofoaga degassing ma i le sauniuniga o le biodiesel.

O lea, hydroxide sodium, - a lye, lea ua matuai faaaogaina i fanua eseese o gaoioiga o le tagata ona o lona chemically reactive natura.