Perchloric acid - Meatotino, o Oloa Gaosia ma talosaga. puipuiga

acid Perchloric (HClO4 fuafaatatau) - o se anhydrous acid monobasic. O loo i ai chlorine (mata) i le setete oxidation maualuga, ona o lenei mafuaaga, o le oxidizer malosi. Mea papa.

Meatotino acid perchloric

1. o se suavai volatile lenei e aunoa ma lanu, le tele o le asu i le ea, o le monomer taitoalua. Mautu ma le tele reactionary. I lenei avtodegidratatsiya uiga acid:

3HClO4 = H3O + (puipuiga) + ClO- (anion) + Cl2O7 (monoxide chlorine)

2. E faigofie ona soluble lenei mea i solvents chlorinated ma organofluorine e pei o CH2Cl2 (chloride methylene), CHCl3 (chloroform), ma isi. Ua fefiloi ma isi solvents ma faaalia le faaitiitia o meatotino, e mafai ona mafua ai faatamala taulimaina ai le pa po o le afi.

3. E lelei fefiloi i le vai (H2O) i so o se vaevaega. Avea ma ni hydrates. fofo faasagatonu o lenei acid maua teisi le tumau suauu. O lenei fofo acid aqueous ua mautu lelei ma se tomai maualalo oxidizing. Faatasi ai ma le vai avea ma o loo tatou iloiloina mea se azeotrope lea i se vevela o le 203 tikeri maʻi fulafula ma o loo i le 72 pasene o HClO4.

4. acid Perchloric (HClO4 fuafaatatau) o se tasi o le acids malosi. Ona o lenei, i lona siosiomaga acidic o nisi tuufaatasi amio e pei o nofoaga autu.

5. O le faaitiitia faatosinaga ma agamalu le susunuina o se tuufaatasiga o acid perchloric ma anhydride phosphoric faia suauu suavaia colorless - karaponi chlorine:

2HClO4 (acid perchloric) + P4O10 (anhydride phosphoric) = Cl2O7 (karaponi chlorine) + H2P4O11

Metotia mo le sauniuniga

1. fofo Aqueous o lenei sui sooupu mafai ona saunia i ni auala e lua. O le muamua o le oxidation electrochemical o chlorine po acid hydrochloric i faasagatonu acid hydrochloric, ma le lona lua - i le faaluaina decomposition o sodium perchlorate po potassium acids malosi inorganic.

2. E mafai ona maua le acid perchloric anhydrous i ni auala e lua foi. O le mea muamua e aofia ai le tali perchlorate potassium (K) po o le sodium (NA) ma acid sulfuric i se faiga faasagatonu, ma le lona lua - i le fegalegaleaiga i oleum i se fofo aqueous o acid perchloric:

KClO4 (fofo aqueous o acid perchloric) + H2SO4 (acid sulfuric) = KHSO4 (potassium hydrogensulfate) + HClO4 (acid perchloric)

Faaaogāina o acid perchloric

- faasagatonu fofo e masani ona faaaoga e maua perchlorates (masima o le acids), ma i le kemisi analytical;

- Ua faaaogaina acid perchloric i le decomposition'oa se auala ma i le auiliiliga o minerale;

- perchlorate potassium (Fua Faatatau: KClO4), o se masima o lenei acid, o loo faaaogaina e foafoa ai le mea papa, ma perchlorate magnesium (anhydrone, Mg (ClO4) 2) e faaaoga e pei o le desiccant.

Saogalemu i le galuega

Perchloric acid, e le mafai ona umi teuina ma aveina anhydrous, e pei ona i tuutuuga tulaga e vave faʻaleagaina ai ma e mafai ona mulimuli ane fua pa.

chlorine-o loo i ai isi acid inorganic:

1. acid Hydrochloric (Fua Faatatau: HCl) - monobasic acid malosi, matautia, fuming ea suavaia. electroforming FAAAOGAINA (pickling, etching) ma i hydrometallurgy, mo le faamamaina o uʻamea i le taimi o tinning ma soldering, ina ia tuuina chloride manganese, metala paʻepaʻe, uamea ma isi uʻamea. ua faamauina ai le mea i le gaosiga o meaai o se E507 faʻaopoopoga meaai.

2. Hypochlorous acid (Fua Faatatau: HClO) - acid monobasic matuai vaivai lava. E mafai ona na o loo i ai i ni tali. Faaaogaina mo faamoemoega mama e faapea foi mo bleaching ie ma pulp.

3. acid chlorous (HClO2) - auala acid monobasic malosi. E mautu i lona faiga saoloto, e masani lava ona faamamasagiaina vave i se fofo aqueous faavaivaia. O le anhydride o lenei acid pea mailoa.

4. acid chloric (HClO3) - acid malosi monobasic. E le maua i se faiga saoloto, e pei malologa i fofo putuputu. I fofo aqueous, oi ai i se faasalaga maualalo ifo nai lo le 30 pasene. Lava fale o manu i le vevela maualalo.