Acid Palmitic. Meatotino, galueaina, talosaga

acid Palmitic (o le isi igoa - hexadecanoic) - a faatumulia monocarboxylic (puta) acid. E sili ona taatele i le natura. Mo le taimi muamua o loo maua lenei mea i le suauu pama. ua valaauina palmitate esters ma masima o lenei acid. O le tele o esters o crystallinity ma tutusa solo. O loo i ai le fuafaatatau o vailaau nei: CH3 (CH2) 14COOH. Ma ona fua faatatau o ni faataitaiga o le: C16H32O2.

Mauaina acid palmitic i le natura

O lenei mea, e pei o se vaega o le toatele o le glycerides o suauu o fualaau faisua tupuaga ma le gaʻo o manu. Mo se faataitaiga, e aofia ai soybean suauu 6.5%, o le pama suauu - 38-47%, gaʻo - 30%. I le faaopoopo atu, acid hexadecanoic o se sui o nisi waxes: i spermaceti aofia ai le 90% ester cetyl acid hexadecanoic tafola sperm, ma beeswax tusa ma le 30% Eteru myristyl ee. I acid palmitic meaola manu o le oloa faaiuga o puta tuufaatasia acid mai acetyl-CoA.

I le tulaga o hexadecanoic glyceride acid i le tuufaatasiga ua i ai se suauu pama, o se fualaau faisua gaʻo fua Saina ma North Amerika ma Croton sebiferum Stillinga sebifera, fatu Rhus succedanea (a solo), o se fua mirikonovom solo Myrica cerifera, i lanolin. I se acid palmitic tulaga saoloto o loo maua i le fatu o le paprika i feeseeseaiga Lycopodium ma solo cadaveric (o le vaega autu).

meatotino faaletino o acid palmitic:

1. tulaga (i lalo o le tulaga faatonuina tuutuuga) - taʻega tioata colorless.

2. gao vaega tele o le 256, 43 g / mol.

3. O le density o 0,841 g / cm³.

meatotino vevela o acid palmitic:

1. O le vevela faaliusuavai sa 62,9 ° C.

2. O le manatu pupuna tutusa e 105 ° C (i 0,01 mmHg. V.) Ma 167 ° C (i le 1 mm Hg. V.).

3. Flash tulaga tutusa ma le 192 ° C.

4. O le tulaga vevela gao (i tulaga masani) e 460 J / (mol · K).

O a ni meatotino vailaau o acid hexadecanoic?

1. Solubility i le vai e tutusa ma 0.0007 (i le 20 ° C).

2. Solubility i ethanol e 2600 (i 7,2 ° C).

3. acid Palmitic o moderately soluble i benzene ma acetone.

meatotino opitika o acid palmitic:

1. O le faasino upu refractive o 1,4219.

Sauniuniga o acid palmitic

e mafai ona maua lenei mea i le tele o auala:

1. O le fractional crystallization po retifikatsii mai faafefiloi o acids puta lea ua saunia e saponification o gaʻo po o paraffins oxidation.

2. Ina ua cetyl ava malosi ala i le susunuina ma lime le sodium e 270 ° C (Dumas ma Stas).

C16H33OH (ava malosi cetyl) + O2 (okesene) = C15H31COOH + H2 Le (le vai)

3. I luga o elaidic faaliusuavai (acid oleic) ma hydroxide sodium:

CH3 (CH2) 7CH (acid oleic) = CH (CH2) 7SOON + H2O (vai) + Le = C15H31COOH (fuafaatatau acid palmitic) + CH3COOH (acid acetic)

4. Afai e le oxidation acid nitric o le 2-oktodekanonom:

CH3 (CH2) 15-CO-CH3 + 3O (okesene) = C15H31COOH (acid hexadecanoic) + CH3COOH (acid acetic)

5. foi i lenei mataupu e mafai ona synthesized e ala i le auala o le cyanide yodyura pentadecylic ava malosi:

C15H31J + KCN (lotoa cyano) = KJ + C15H31-CN;

C15H31-CN (lotoa cyano) + 2H2O (vai) = C15H31COOH (mea e maua) + NH3

Afai faaaogaina acid palmitic?

1. manatu fesootai mea e faaaoga i le gaosia napalm stearin (a paluga faapitoa ma acid stearic), opaque detergents teuteu ma eseese, plasticizers ma lubricants. O le auala o lenei o loo faaaogaina acid mo le gaosia o le moligao.

2. kalisiu e faaaoga palmitate e avea o se vaega o fatuga mo le puipuiga e faasaga i le susu ma le vai (vai-repellency) o le paʻu, ie eseese, fafie, cosmetics lē manino ma vali.

3. foi, sodium palmitate ma faaaogaina o vaega (a thickener) o emulsifier faleuila ma soaps aiga e aofia ai sauniuniga teuteu.

4. O le manaomia o le methyl palmitate acid palmitic ma nisi o lona pogai, hexadecanol. Foi, o loo faaaogaina ai lenei mea e pei faʻamanogi mea mo foodstuffs.

5. O le taimi muamua taitai acid hexadecanoic masima faaaoga mo le tuuina atu o patches vailaau.